miu's site

PASSIVE VOICE

1. Definition
• form of sentence which the principal subject of the sentence imposed or any action.
• passive sentence should use one form to be (am,is,are,was,were,be,being,been) and be accompanied verb III ( past participle).


2. Function
• Passive sentences are used to emphasize (the sentence) is subjected to the action (: inthis case the object in its active form).

3. Form passive voice with tense

NO. TENSES AKTIVE PASIVE
1. SIMPEL PRESENT Mia waters the plants every day. The plants are watered by mia every day.
2. SIMPLE PAST The government built the bridge last year. The bridge was built by the government last year.
3. PRESENT CONTINUOUS They are painting the building. The building is being painted
4. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS Tama has been traveling when we came. When we came,tama is being travel.
5. PAST CONTINUOUS They were eating lunch when we came. The Lunch was being eaten when we came.
6. PRESENT PERFECT Someone has stolen her wallet. Her wallet has been stolen.
7. PAST PERFECT They had sent the box before we checked it. The box had been sent before we checked it.
8. SIMPLE FUTURE Mia will build a new house. A new house will be built by mia.
9. FUTURE PERFECT They will have done this exercise by four. This Exercise will have been done by four.
10. PAST FUTURE They would clean the car if we wanted to. The car would be cleaned if we wanted to.
11. PAST FUTURE PERFECT I should have mailed the letters early. The letters should have been mailed earlier.
12. Modal Verbs I must clean the room. The room must be cleaned.


4. Summary
The concepts form passive voice is :

Active : S + V + O



Passive : S + to be + V3 + by

• active sentence which can be transformed into passive is a transitive verb.


Source
1. Nurul Fikri text book
2. Pangesti, Soni, 2006, Bahasa Inggris praktis, Kreasi Wacana, Yogyakarta, edisi bintang.


Conditional Sentences

1. Definition
• sentence modality using if. in a conditional sentence, the presupposition
not necessarily chimera as subjunctive, but perhaps the real
• simple present is true in the present or future.
• simple past is untrue in present or future
• past perfect is untrue in the past

2. Function
Type Time Form Fact
I Future IF + S + V1 Possible

S + Will + V1
II Now IF + S + V2 Unreal/ Impossible
S + Would + V1
III Past IF + S + Had + V3 Unreal/ Possible
S + Would have + V3


• Will can be change with shall, can, may, must
• Would can be change with should, could, might, must




The Example of conditional sentence
1. He will come if you call him.
Fact: it’s possible that he will come when you call.
2. He would come if you called him.
Fact: you not call so he didn’t come.
3. He would have come if you had called him.
Fact: it’s possible that he would came when you called.

• when unless replace the if mean one part of mains or its clause have to change. become the negativity so also on the contrary.
Example: I won’t come unless you invite me.
I won’t come if you don’t invite me.
I will come if you invite me.


Source
1. Azar, Betty Schrampfer. 2008 UNDERSTANDING AND USING ENGLISH GRAMMAR. 2nd edition. USA: Prentice-Hall.
2. Nurul Fikri text book
3. Pangesti, Soni, 2006, Bahasa Inggris praktis, Kreasi Wacana, Yogyakarta, edisi bintang.





PASSIVE VOICE

1. Active : People grow corn in lowa
Passive: Corn is grown in lowa

2. Active: Peter came here two months ago
Passive: no change

3. Active: Someone made this antique table in 1734
Passive: This antique table in 1734 was made by someone

4. Active : An accident happened at the corner of fifth and main
Passive: no change

5. Active: Someone stole my purse
Passive: my purse were stolen by someone

6. Active: Someone was making the coffe when I walked into the kitchen
Passive : when I walked into the kitchen the coffe was being made by someone

7. Active: Translators have translated that book into many languages
Passive: That book have been translated into many languages by translators.

8. Active: Jim’s daughter drew that picture. My son drew this picture.
Passive: That picture was drawn by jims’s daughter. This picture was drawn by my son.

9. Active: The judges will judge the applicants on the basis of their originality
Passive: The applicants on the basis of their originality will be judge by the judges

10. Active: My sister’s plane will arrive at 10.35
Passive: no change

11. Active: Is Professor rivers teaching that cours this semester?
Passive: Professor is being teach that cours this semester.

12. Active: When did someone invent the radio?
Passive: Someone was being done invent the radio

13. Active: The mail carrier had already delivered the mail by the time I left for school this morning.
Passive: ( no change)

14. Active: When is someone going to announce the results of the contest?
Passive: The results of the contest has gone by someone.

15. Active: After the concert was over, hundreds of fans mobbed the rock music star outside the theater.
Passive: Hundreds of fans mobbed the rock music star outside the theater after the concert has over.

16. Active: Ever since I arrived here, I have been living in the dormitory because someone told me that it was cheaper to live there than in an apartment.
Passive: Ever since I arrived here, Someone told me that it was cheaper to live there than in an apartment so I had had been live in the dormitory.

17. Active: They are going to build the new hospital next year. They have already built the new elementary school.
Passive: They have been already built the new elementary school. They would built the new hospital next year.

18. Active: if you expose a film to light while you are developing it, you will ruin the negative.
Passive: you would ruin the negative, if you was exposed a film to light while you are developed it.


Conditional Sentence
1. An aerosol spray can will explode if you throw it into a fire.
2. You should tell your father exactly what happened. If I had been you , I would tell him the truth as soon as possible.
3. If I had my camera with me yesterday, I would take a picture of Alex standing on his head.
4. I’m almost ready to plant my garden. I have a lot of seeds. Maybe I have more than I need. If I have more seeds than I need I give some to Nellie.
5. I got wet because I didn’t take my umbrella. However, I would not got wet If I remembered to take my umbrella with me yesterday.
6. I will change the present economic policy if I be the president of the united states.
7. If the teacher be absent tomorrow, class will be cancelled.
8. George has only two pairs of socks. If he had more than two pairs of socks, he would have not to wash his socks so often.
9. That sounds like a good job offer. If I be you, I will accept it.
10. The cowboy pulled his gun to shoot at the rattlesnake, but he was too late. If he been quicker to pull the trigger, the snake would bit not him on the ankle. It’s a good thing he was wearing heavy leather boots.